Seconday Hypertension
Secondary hypertention is abnormally high blood pressure caused by pre-existing clinical conditions.
Some causes of secondary hypertention are listed below:
Renal disease
o Nephron function impaired
o Blood volume and BP increases
o May evoke more damage and kidney failure
Renal artery stenosis
o Narrowing of renal artery, this induces high blood pressure
o Renin production and BP increases
The stenosis stimulates renin release by the kidney, which increases circulating angiotensin II (AII) and aldosterone. These hormones increase blood volume by increasing kidney reabsorption of sodium and water. Increased AII also causes systemic vasoconstriction increasing blood pressure. The figure below shows the action of the renin release by the kidney.
Hormone imbalance
o Aldosterone ↑ Na+ BP ↑
o High oestrogen (pill) ↑ liver angiotensinogen
Pre-eclampsia
This is a condition that can be seen in pregnancy that causes hypertension due to increased blood volume and tachycardia.
See here for Treatment or Diagnosis of Secondary hypertention.
References
Image belongs to https://www.cvphysiology.com copyright for non-comercial educational purposes allowed. Image URL: https://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP023%20renal%20artery%20stenosis.gif